AMAR RAJPUTANA

शिवाजी छत्रपति  शिवाजी राजे भोसले  (१६३०-१६८०) ने  १६७४  में पश्चिम भारत में  मराठा साम्राज्य  की नींव रखी। उन्होंने कई वर्ष  औरंगज़ेब  के  मुगल  साम्राज्य से संघर्ष किया। शिवाजी का जन्म १९ फ़रवरी १६३० में शिवनेरी दुर्ग में हुआ था । आरंभिक जीवन [ संपादित करें ] शाहजी भोंसले  की पत्नी  जीजाबाई  (राजमाता जिजाऊ) की कोख से शिवाजी महाराज का जन्म १९ फ़रवरी १६३० को  शिवनेरी  दुर्ग में हुआ था। शिवनेरी का दुर्ग पूना  (पुणे) से उत्तर की तरफ़ जुन्नार नगर के पास था। उनका बचपन उनकी माता जिजाऊ के मार्गदर्शन में बीता। वह सभी कलाओ मे माहिर थे, उन्होंने बचपन में राजनीति एवं युद्ध की शिक्षा ली थी। ये भोंसले उपजाति के थे जोकि मूलत: कुर्मी जाति से संबद्धित हे | कुर्मी जाति कृषि संबद्धित कार्य करती हे | उनके पिता अप्रतिम शूरवीर थे और उनकी दूसरी पत्नी तुकाबाई मोहिते थीं। उनकी माता जी  जीजाबाई  जाधव कुल में उत्पन्न असाधारण प्रतिभाशाली थी और उनके पिता एक शक्तिशाली सामन्त थे। शिवाजी महाराज के चरित्र पर माता-...

Pratap Singh of Jammu and Kashmir Pratap Singh  (18 July 1848 – 23 September 1925) was the Maharaja of  Jammu and Kashmir , and head of the  Jamwal   Rajput  clan. Some elements in the British Empire made an attempt to implicate the Dogra Maharaja in a conspiracy case involving the Russian Empire. At the end a ruling council was forced on Jammu and Kashmir, which included a British agent and the Maharaja's brother Amar Singh. Amar Singh's son  Hari Singh  succeeded his uncle as the Maharaja in 1925. Singh's reign Before Pratap Singh's accession, the British Government was represented in Kashmir by an Officer-on-Special Duty who had only limited functions to perform. The Government of India had made many attempts at the time of Ranbir Singh to raise the status of the Officer to that of a full-fledged Political Resident. The Maharaja had, however, successfully resisted these. But now taking advantage of the fresh succession they were ...

History Hari Singh  had ascended the throne of Kashmir in 1925 and was the reigning monarch at the conclusion of British rule in the subcontinent in 1947. One of the conditions of the  partition of India  imposed by Britain was that the rulers of princely states would have the right to opt for either Pakistan or India or remain independent. In 1947, Kashmir's population was 77% Muslim and it shared a boundary with both  Dominion of Pakistan  and  Union of India . On 22 October 1947, locals and tribesmen backed by Pakistan invaded Kashmir. The Maharaja initially fought back but appealed for assistance to the  Governor-General   Louis Mountbatten , who agreed on the condition that the ruler accede to India.  Maharaja Hari Singh  signed the  Instrument of Accession  on 26 October 1947, which was accepted by the Governor General of India the next day. Once the Instrument of Accession was signed, Indian soldiers...